公共廣播音響設(shè)備安裝好后，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的使用，總會(huì)有一些小的問(wèn)題需要解決，那么快速排除公共廣播音響擴(kuò)聲系統(tǒng)故障方法有什么呢？
After the public address sound equipment is installed, after a period of use, there will always be some small problems to be solved. So what are the methods to quickly eliminate the faults of the public address sound reinforcement system?
直觀檢查法
Visual inspection method
直觀檢查法是斷開電源后立即進(jìn)行。不用儀器、儀表，憑直觀的感覺(jué)，調(diào)動(dòng)視覺(jué)、聽覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)等4種感覺(jué)特性，進(jìn)行判斷。這種檢查方法雖然準(zhǔn)確性較差些，但速度快，直觀檢查法尤其對(duì)電源故障檢查很有用。
Visual inspection is performed immediately after disconnecting the power supply. Without instruments and meters, with intuitive feelings, we can mobilize the four sensory characteristics of vision, hearing, smell and touch to make judgments. Although this inspection method is less accurate, it is fast, and the visual inspection method is especially useful for power failure inspection.
一看:觀察機(jī)器或部件及其外部結(jié)構(gòu)?？窗存I開關(guān)、接口、指示燈有無(wú)松動(dòng)，線路板接緒有無(wú)脫落，有無(wú)虛焊、變色、裂痕、爆裂等現(xiàn)象，保險(xiǎn)絲有無(wú)燒斷、打火、冒煙、變形、未卡住等問(wèn)題，采用眼睛，直接識(shí)別和判斷。
First look: observe the machine or component and its external structure. Check whether the key switch, interface and indicator light are loose, whether the wiring thread of the circuit board falls off, whether there is soldering, discoloration, crack, burst and other phenomena, and whether the fuse is burnt out, ignited, smoking, deformed, not stuck and other problems. Use eyes to directly identify and judge.
二聽:輕輕翻動(dòng)機(jī)器或部件，搖擺搖擺，聽聽有無(wú)零件散落或螺絲釘脫落情況，是否有碰擊聲。作連續(xù)翻轉(zhuǎn)有無(wú)不正常的“吱吱”聲或“啪啪”的打火聲（通電時(shí)）。如果有這些現(xiàn)象，故障可能出現(xiàn)在這些地方。
Second, listen: gently turn the machine or parts, swing, listen to whether there are parts scattered or screws falling off, and whether there is a collision sound. Check whether there is abnormal "squeaking" sound or "popping" fire sound during continuous turnover (when powered on). If there are these phenomena, the fault may appear in these places.
三聞:用鼻子聞聞?dòng)袩o(wú)燒焦氣味，找到氣味來(lái)源，故障可能出一放出異味的地方。
Three smells: smell with your nose for burning smell, find out the source of the smell, and the fault may be a place that emits peculiar smell.
四摸:用手摸摸變壓器外殼（斷電后進(jìn)行），不要觸及接線端子，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)因充電電容存在，電壓甚高，危及。感覺(jué)一下，是否超過(guò)正常溫度、發(fā)燙，無(wú)法觸摸。功率管有無(wú)過(guò)熱或冰涼現(xiàn)象。調(diào)整管有無(wú)過(guò)熱或冰涼不熱現(xiàn)象。如果有這些現(xiàn)象，問(wèn)題可能出現(xiàn)在這些地方。
Four touch: touch the transformer shell by hand (after power failure), do not touch the wiring terminal, because sometimes the voltage is very high due to the existence of charging capacitance, which endangers safety. Feel whether it is beyond the normal temperature, hot and untouchable. Check whether the power tube is overheated or cold. Check whether the adjusting tube is overheated or cold. If there are these phenomena, the problems may appear in these places.
試探法
Heuristics
試探法是針對(duì)懷疑部分的電路采用比較、分割、替代、模擬等試探手段，尋找
山東公共廣播音響擴(kuò)聲系統(tǒng)故障所在，然后排除。具體方法如下：
Heuristics is to use comparison, segmentation, substitution, simulation and other heuristics to find the fault of Shandong public broadcasting sound reinforcement system, and then eliminate it. The specific methods are as follows:
1、比較:找一臺(tái)與故障機(jī)完全相同型號(hào)的機(jī)器，在設(shè)備中利用同一臺(tái)機(jī)器的左、右聲道部件，測(cè)量相對(duì)應(yīng)部分的電壓、電阻、電流數(shù)量，再加以比較，找到故障所在。
1. Comparison: find a machine with the same model as the faulty machine, use the left and right channel components of the same machine in professional equipment, measure the voltage, resistance and current of the corresponding parts, and then compare them to find the fault.
2、分割:將某部分電路與其他部分脫開，接上外加電源，注入信號(hào)，進(jìn)行判斷。
2. Division: disconnect a part of the circuit from other parts, connect the external power supply, inject the signal, and judge.
3、替代:用好的元件替代懷疑元件，或?qū)⒆蟆⒂衣暤啦考?duì)換，尤其對(duì)于集成電路塊可以這樣進(jìn)行。如果部件對(duì)換之后，機(jī)器恢復(fù)正常，則說(shuō)明該部件存在問(wèn)題或損壞。
3. Replacement: replace the suspected component with a good component, or replace the left and right channel components, especially for integrated circuit blocks. If the machine returns to normal after the parts are replaced, there is a problem or damage to the parts.
4、模擬:溫度模擬，采用電吹風(fēng)加熱，或用酒精降溫，進(jìn)行溫度性能檢查，振動(dòng)模擬是使用細(xì)的塑料絕緣棒輕擊某些部件，看看電路工作狀況，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)某些虛焊現(xiàn)象，檢查故障所在。這種方法一般由技術(shù)熟練者進(jìn)行，否則，容易出現(xiàn)故障加重現(xiàn)象。
4. Simulation: temperature simulation, using hair dryer heating, or cooling with alcohol, to check the temperature performance. Vibration simulation is to use a thin plastic insulating rod to tap some parts, look at the working condition of the circuit, you can find some false soldering phenomena, and check the fault. This method is generally carried out by skilled people, otherwise, it is easy to aggravate the fault.
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