更新時間：2021-09-23
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一場精彩的演出不僅需要演員，而且對舞臺燈光和音響設(shè)備也有嚴(yán)格的控制和要求。許多人認(rèn)為舞臺聲音是揚(yáng)聲器和混音器。事實上，舞臺音響設(shè)備需要10種不同的設(shè)備來支撐整個舞臺音響系統(tǒng)，才能充分發(fā)揮舞臺音響效果。讓我們看看具體的設(shè)備：
A wonderful performance not only needs actors, but also has strict control and requirements for stage lighting and sound equipment. Many people think of stage sound as speakers and mixers. In fact, professional stage audio equipment needs 10 different equipment to support the whole stage audio system in order to give full play to the stage audio effect. Let's look at the specific equipment:
音響設(shè)備
Professional audio equipment
1.混音器：一種多聲道輸入的混音裝置，每個聲道的聲音可以單獨(dú)處理，左右聲道的輸出、混音、監(jiān)聽等，是音響工程師、錄音師和作曲家創(chuàng)作音樂和聲音的重要設(shè)備。
1. Mixer: a multi-channel input mixing device. The sound of each channel can be processed separately. The output, mixing and monitoring of left and right channels are important equipment for sound engineers, recorders and composers to create music and sound.
2.功率放大器：將音頻電壓信號轉(zhuǎn)換為額定功率信號以驅(qū)動揚(yáng)聲器發(fā)聲的裝置。
2. Power amplifier: a device that converts the audio voltage signal into rated power signal to drive the speaker to sound.
功率放大器功率的匹配條件為：
The matching conditions of power amplifier power are:
(1)功率放大器的輸出阻抗等于揚(yáng)聲器的負(fù)載阻抗。
(1) The output impedance of the power amplifier is equal to the load impedance of the loudspeaker.
(2)功率放大器的輸出功率與揚(yáng)聲器的標(biāo)稱功率匹配。
(2) The output power of the power amplifier matches the nominal power of the speaker.
3.分頻器：實現(xiàn)分頻的電路或裝置稱為分頻器。分頻器有很多種。根據(jù)其分頻信號的波形，有正弦分頻和脈沖分頻。其基本功能是根據(jù)組合揚(yáng)聲器的要求，將全頻段音頻信號劃分為不同的頻段，使揚(yáng)聲器單元能夠得到合適頻段的激勵信號，并在佳狀態(tài)下工作。
3. Frequency divider: the circuit or device that realizes frequency division is called frequency divider. There are many kinds of frequency dividers. According to the waveform of its frequency division signal, there are sinusoidal frequency division and pulse frequency division. Its basic function is to divide the full frequency band audio signal into different frequency bands according to the requirements of the combined speaker, so that the speaker unit can get the excitation signal of the appropriate frequency band and work in the best state.
4.混響器：在歌舞廳和大型舞臺燈光音樂會場地的音響系統(tǒng)中，人聲的混響處理是一個非常重要的部分。經(jīng)過混響處理后，人們的歌唱能產(chǎn)生一種電子聲音的美感，使歌唱具有獨(dú)特的魅力。它可以掩蓋一些業(yè)余歌手聲音中的一些缺陷，如嘶啞、喉嚨和尖銳的聲帶噪音，使聲音不那么難聽。此外，混響還可以彌補(bǔ)沒有經(jīng)過專門聲樂訓(xùn)練的業(yè)余歌手在音色結(jié)構(gòu)中缺少泛音的缺陷。這對于舞臺燈光音樂會的效果非常重要。
4. Reverberator: in the sound system of song and dance halls and large stage lighting concert venues, the reverberation processing of human voice is a very important part. After reverberation processing, people's singing can produce an electronic sound beauty, which makes singing have unique charm. It can cover up some defects in the voice of some amateur singers, such as hoarseness, throat and sharp vocal cord noise, so that the voice is not so ugly. In addition, reverberation can also make up for the lack of overtone in the timbre structure of amateur singers without special vocal training. This is very important for the effect of stage lighting concert.
5.變調(diào)：由于人們的聲音條件不同，在演唱時對伴奏音樂的音調(diào)有不同的要求。有些人想要低一點，而另一些人需要高一點。這樣就要求伴奏音樂的音色要符合演唱者的要求，否則就會覺得演唱和伴奏很不和諧。如果使用樣式帶，則需要使用調(diào)諧器進(jìn)行調(diào)制處理。
5. Tone change: due to different sound conditions, people have different requirements for the tone of accompaniment music during singing. Some people want to be lower, while others need to be higher. This requires the timbre of the accompaniment music to meet the requirements of the singer, otherwise it will feel that the singing and accompaniment are very disharmonious. If you use a style band, you need to use a tuner for modulation processing.
音響設(shè)備
Professional audio equipment
6.效應(yīng)器：提供聲場效果的音響設(shè)備，包括混響、延遲、回聲和聲音的特殊處理。
6. Effector: sound equipment providing sound field effect, including reverberation, delay, echo and special processing of sound.
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